At UNFCCC COP25 on December 4, 2019, C2G and leading experts urged immediate action to address governance gaps in CO2 removal. C2G Executive Director Janos Pasztor specifically highlighted the challenges of large-scale CO2 removal.

For more information, visit c2g2.net/carbon-dioxide-removal/.

Christiana Figueres and Tom Rivett-Carnac outline two distinct futures for 2050: one if we fail to meet Paris Agreement climate targets, and another if we achieve a carbon-neutral, regenerative world. They emphasize that immediate action is crucial to address our climate emergency, presenting this as our final, defining choice.

Figueres, a Costa Rican diplomat with 35 years of experience, served as Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change from July 2010. Her extensive background highlights the urgency of this pivotal moment.

Source: The RSA, March 4, 2020.

Join award-winning architect and environmentalist Duncan Stewart for a talk on the challenges of greenhouse gas emissions. He will discuss their impact on Earth's climate, the future of our youth, and biodiversity, along with potential solutions.

A pioneer in sustainable architecture, renewable energy, and nearly zero-carbon buildings, Duncan is a director of the Irish Environmental Network, Dublin Civic Trust, and Green Foundation Ireland. He also produces and presents RTE 1's 'Eco Eye' and 'About the House'.

Duncan founded Eco Ed 4 All, which develops environmental education for Irish schools and CPD courses for teachers. These cover critical themes like Climate Change, Biodiversity, Circular Economy, and UN Sustainable Development Goals.

At UNFCCC COP25 on December 4, 2019, C2G and leading experts called for urgent global discussions to address governance gaps in CO2 removal.

Claire Fyson, a Research Analyst at Climate Analytics and co-author of "Governing Large-scale Carbon Dioxide Removal: Are We Ready?", highlighted specific governance challenges related to large-scale CO2 removal, using Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) as an example.

While the public now grasps the serious threat of global warming, a clear path forward remains elusive. Drawing from his book, *Under the Influence: Putting Peer Pressure to Work*, Robert Frank proposes that leveraging behavioral contagion can make addressing climate change less daunting than many believe.

Robert H. Frank is the Henrietta Johnson Louis Professor of Management and Professor of Economics at Cornell's Johnson Graduate School of Management. He previously wrote the "Economic View" column for *The New York Times*.

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Independent analyses by NASA and NOAA confirm that Earth's global surface temperatures in 2019 ranked as the second-warmest since 1880. Temperatures were 2°F (1.1°C) warmer than the late 19th century, second only to 2016.

This data continues the planet's long-term warming trend, with the five warmest years on instrumental record all occurring in the last five years. More information is available at NASA's press release.

The circular economy is crucial for tackling climate change, as 45% of global greenhouse gas emissions stem from how we make and use products and produce food.

Per Klevnäs, a managing consultant and economist at Material Economics, brings extensive experience from over 100 international energy, resource, and climate projects since the early 2000s. He advises companies on resource and sustainability strategies, covering investment, low-carbon growth, and regulatory planning.

News media is ending its complacency on climate change. Over 150 outlets, led by Columbia Journalism Review and The Nation, committed to a week-long reporting initiative (September 16-23) highlighting humanity's devastating impact on the planet.

MSNBC's Chris Hayes shared his perspective as part of this effort. For the full series, visit CJR's website: cjr.org/covering_climate_now/

News media must end its complacency regarding climate change. Over 150 outlets, in partnership with Columbia Journalism Review and The Nation, committed to a week of intensive reporting from September 16-23. Their focus was on how human actions are devastating our planet.

Washington Post columnist Margaret Sullivan shared her insights on this initiative. Explore CJR's full series here: CJR's Covering Climate Now.

Amory Lovins, RMI's chief scientist and cofounder, joined special guest Jeff Tannenbaum, founder of Titan Grove and Fir Tree Partners, for a discussion.

Moderated by RMI Principal Roy Torbert, they explored the global clean energy economy and strategies for scaling it up.

While climate change denial garners headlines, the true obstacle to climate action isn't public concern—a majority of Americans are worried. Instead, the real roadblock is our collective unwillingness to financially support solutions.

This insight comes from David Wallace-Wells, a national fellow at New America and columnist for New York magazine. His latest book is The Uninhabitable Earth: Life After Warming. Read more at BigThink.com.

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Plastics are durable, light, and versatile, yet they take up to 400 years to decompose. This prolonged degradation will impact 16 future generations.

Our excessive plastic use severely threatens ocean health and biodiversity. Projections indicate that by 2050, oceans could contain more plastic than fish by weight.

Dozens of Tasmanian shy albatrosses have received artificial nests to combat declining breeding success, a consequence of warming air temperatures. Scientists placed aerated concrete and mudbrick nests on Bass Strait’s Albatross Island, where birds struggle to find enough natural nesting material. These artificial nests provide a stable environment, boosting breeding success by 20% compared to natural nests.

For more details on this conservation effort, read the National Geographic article: Shy Albatross Make Artificial Nests Their Own—Giving Scientists Hope for Their Species, and watch the video: Artificial Nests Helping the Shy Albatross Battle Climate Change.

Alberta Premier Rachel Notley, alongside oil industry executives and environmental leaders, announced a groundbreaking climate change policy. This collaboration was remarkable, given Alberta's status as Canada's top oil-producing province and home to the world's third-largest oil reserves.

The question remains: how did they achieve such an unprecedented agreement?

The Association of Space Explorers (ASE) united astronauts from multiple nations, including Germany, Japan, US, and India, to send a vital message of solidarity, hope, and collaboration to political leaders concerning climate change. This powerful initiative aims to inspire action during a crucial time.

For deeper insight into the Overview Effect and astronaut experiences, explore "OVERVIEW" on YouTube and "PLANETARY," available on iTunes. The video was produced by astronaut Ron Garan and the award-winning Planetary Collective, in association with Daria Lopez-Alegria of Space Bridges.

Learn more at weareplanetary.com.

The film "Arctic Emergency: Scientists Speak On Melting Ice and Global Impacts" features climate scientists discussing the critical state of the Arctic. Rising temperatures are causing sea ice melt and permafrost thaw, destabilizing what's known as "Earth's Air Conditioner."

This rapid Arctic transformation is central to global warming's profound impacts on weather patterns, natural systems, and human life worldwide.

The film features experts such as Jennifer Francis (Rutgers/Woods Hole), Ron Prinn (MIT), Natalia Shakhova (U. Alaska-Fairbanks), Kevin Schaefer (NSIDC), Stephen J. Vavrus (U. Wisconsin-Madison), Nikita Zimov (Russian Academy of Sciences), Jorien Vonk (Utrecht), and Jeff Masters (Weather Underground).

Join us for a special keynote address by Laura Turner Seydel, a Board Member of the Turner Foundation and Board Chair for Mothers and Others for Clean Air.

Discover more about the Climate Reality Project at climaterealityproject.org, and learn about Laura Turner Seydel at lauraseydel.com.

Jane Mayer discusses a critical issue.

She examines how financial interests have shaped the political discourse surrounding climate change.

Dr. Mark Trexler, a Climate Change Risk expert, authored "Trade Agreements and Climate," a trending story exploring the growing concern over the environmental implications of international trade agreements. Originally published on September 5, 2016, this piece offers a concise review of the topic.

The full story is available via email subscription through the Climatographer website. For deeper exploration within the Climate Web, additional resources can be accessed via this link.

Published on September 5, 2016, "Trending Story - Social Cost of Carbon V143" is an email by climate change risk expert Dr. Mark Trexler.

This issue introduces the social cost of carbon as an environmental concern and explains how to explore it further in the Climate Web. Access Dr. Trexler's subscription emails here. To jump directly to the referenced Climate Web content, use this link.