Handwashing effectively combats coronavirus through a two-pronged attack. The virus possesses a weak outer membrane, which proper handwashing technique, especially with soap, breaks apart. Soap's

Handwashing effectively combats coronavirus through a two-pronged attack. The virus possesses a weak outer membrane, which proper handwashing technique, especially with soap, breaks apart. Soap's unique hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties allow it to grab onto the virus and then be rinsed away by water, removing the virus from your hands. Washing for at least 20 seconds is crucial for this process.

Dr. Kate Biberdorf, a scientist and professor at the University of Texas, explains this mechanism. Known for her engaging approach to science, Dr. Biberdorf is also the author of *Kate the Chemist: The Big Book of Experiments*, available here.

Kate Miller, a Portland-based designer at Kate Miller Sustainable Interiors, specializes in lighting design, emphasizing energy conservation. She discusses her latest project with QUAD Inc., a

Kate Miller, a Portland-based designer at Kate Miller Sustainable Interiors, specializes in lighting design, emphasizing energy conservation. She discusses her latest project with QUAD Inc., a non-profit assisting low-income adults with severe physical disabilities, and her career in sustainable design.

Miller stresses collaboration and trust as keys to success, advocating for a focus on social equity this year.

For more videos on Portland's sustainability progress, visit the Portland Sustainability Leadership channel on YouTube.

Economist Kate Raworth challenges traditional thinking with her "Doughnut Economics" concept. This framework, first published by Oxfam in 2012, outlines social and planetary boundaries for

Economist Kate Raworth challenges traditional thinking with her "Doughnut Economics" concept. This framework, first published by Oxfam in 2012, outlines social and planetary boundaries for sustainable development. It has gained international recognition, influencing the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.

Raworth is a senior visiting research associate at Oxford University and a senior associate at the Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership. She has presented her ideas globally and is authoring *Doughnut Economics: seven ways to think like a 21st century economist*, due in Spring 2016.

Watch her video, "Introducing 'The Doughnut' of social and planetary boundaries for development," here. Learn more at www.kateraworth.com and follow her on Twitter @KateRaworth.